What Are Biometrics' Basic Components and Processes?
Biometric systems convert data derived from behavioral
or physiological characteristics into templates, which
are used for subsequent matching. This is a multi-stage
process whose stages are described below.
Enrollment - The process whereby a user's initial
biometric sample or samples are collected, assessed,
processed, and stored for ongoing use in a biometric
system. Enrollment takes place in both 1:1 and 1:N
systems. If users are experiencing problems with a
biometric system, they may need to re-enroll to gather
higher quality data.
Submission - The process whereby a user provides
behavioral or physiological data in the form of
biometric samples to a biometric system. A submission
may require looking in the direction of a camera or
placing a finger on a platen. Depending on the biometric
system, a user may have to remove eyeglasses, remain
still for a number of seconds, or recite a pass phrase
in order to provide a biometric sample.
Acquisition device - The hardware used to acquire
biometric samples. The following acquisition devices are
associated with each biometric technology:
Technology
Acquisition
Device
Fingerprint
Desktop
peripheral, PCMCIA card, mouse, chip or reader
embedded in keyboard
Voice verification
Microphone,
telephone
Facial recognition
Video
camera, PC camera, single-image camera
Iris recognition
Infrared-enabled
video camera, PC camera
Retina-scan
Proprietary
desktop or wall-mountable unit
Hand geometry
Proprietary
wall-mounted unit
Signature verification
Signature
tablet, motion-sensitive stylus
Keystroke dynamics
Keyboard
or keypad
International Biometric Group
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